Question 1: Explain any one method of crop production which ensures high yield.
Answer: One method used for crop production which ensures high yield is plant breeding. It is the science involved in improving the varieties of crops by breeding plants. The plants from different areas/places are picked up with desired traits, and then hybridization or cross-breeding of these varieties is done to obtain a plant/crop of desired characteristics. The high-yielding crop variety shows characteristics such as high yield, early maturation, less water for irrigation, better quality seeds, less fertilizers required, and adaptability to environmental conditions.
Question 2: Why are manure and fertilizers used in fields?
Answer: Manure and fertilizers are used in fields to ensure good vegetative growth (leaves, branches, and flowers), giving rise to healthy plants, resulting in high crop production.
Question 3: What are the advantages of inter-cropping and crop rotation?
Answer: Advantages of inter-cropping: - It helps maintain soil fertility. - Increases productivity per unit area. - Saves labor and time. - Both crops can be easily harvested and processed separately. Advantages of crop rotation: - Improves soil fertility. - Avoids depletion of a particular nutrient from the soil. - Minimizes pest infestation and diseases. - Helps in weed control. - Prevents changes in the chemical nature of the soil.
Question 4: What is genetic manipulation? How is it useful in agricultural practices?
Answer: Genetic manipulation is a process of incorporating desirable genes into crop varieties through hybridization. Hybridization involves crossing genetically dissimilar plants. Genetic manipulation is useful in developing varieties with increased yield, better quality, shorter and early maturity period, better adaptability to adverse environmental conditions, and other desirable characteristics.
Question 5: How do storage grain losses occur?
Answer: Storage grain losses occur due to abiotic factors like moisture, humidity, and temperature, as well as biotic factors like insects, rodents, birds, mites, and bacteria.
Question 6: How do good animal husbandry practices benefit farmers?
Answer: Good animal husbandry practices benefit farmers by improving breeds of domesticated animals, increasing the yield of foodstuffs such as milk, eggs, and meat, and proper management of domestic animals in terms of shelter, feeding, care, and protection against diseases. This ultimately helps farmers improve their economic condition.
Question 7: What are the benefits of cattle farming?
Answer: Cattle farming is beneficial in increasing milk production by high-yielding animals, obtaining good quality meat, fiber, and skin, and obtaining a good breed of draught animals.
Question 8: For increasing production, what is common in poultry, fisheries, and bee-keeping?
Answer: Cross-breeding is common in poultry, fisheries, and bee-keeping to increase production.
Question 9: How do you differentiate between capture fishing, mariculture, and aquaculture?
Answer: - Capture fishing involves capturing fishes from natural resources like ponds, seawater, and estuaries. - Mariculture is the culture of fish in marine water, including varieties like prawns, oysters, bhetki, and mullets. - Aquaculture is done in both fresh water and marine water.